As its name suggests, mixed methods research involves using elements of both quantitative and qualitative research methods. Using mixed methods, a researcher can more fully explore a research question and provide greater insight.
Empirical research is based on observed and measured phenomena. Knowledge is extracted from real lived experience rather than from theory or belief.
IMRaD: Scholarly journals sometimes use the "IMRaD" format to communicate empirical research findings.
Introduction: explains why this research is important or necessary. Provides context ("literature review").
Methodology: explains how the research was conducted ("research design").
Results: presents what was learned through the study ("findings").
Discussion: explains or comments upon the findings including why the study is important and connecting to other research ("conclusion").
Quantitative research gathers data that can be measured numerically and analyzed mathematically. Quantitative research attempts to answer research questions through the quantification of data.
Indicators of quantitative research include:
contains statistical analysis
large sample size
objective - little room to argue with the numbers
types of research: descriptive studies, exploratory studies, experimental studies, explanatory studies, predictive studies, clinical trials
Qualitative research is based upon data that is gathered by observation. Qualitative research articles will attempt to answer questions that cannot be measured by numbers but rather by perceived meaning. Qualitative research will likely include interviews, case studies, ethnography, or focus groups.
Indicators of qualitative research include:
interviews or focus groups
small sample size
subjective - researchers are often interpreting meaning
methods used: phenomenology, ethnography, grounded theory, historical method, case study
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